Misinformation in the Brazilian Election: A Study of Social Media Posts Using SP!CE Framework

The authors explain that the SP!CE framework is designed to categorize these tactics based on their strategic goals and techniques, such as using hashtags or creating memes. They also highlight how these tactics can be used to denigrate opposing information by publicly shaming supporters of other candidates or spreading false information about them.
The article also discusses the delivery of content through social media platforms, which allowed operatives to exploit features like hashtags to increase engagement with their posts. Additionally, the authors analyze how reframing context can distort the intended meaning of an event and how it was used to manipulate public opinion during the election.
Overall, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of the tactics used during the Brazilian presidential election to manipulate public opinion through propaganda and disinformation. By demystifying complex concepts using everyday language and engaging metaphors or analogies, this summary captures the essence of the article without oversimplifying.